Tuberculosis (TB) disease affects 10 million people worldwide every year and is the leading cause of death from an infectious disease. New TB biomarkers are required for a variety of applications, including detection of sub-clinical disease for early intervention to prevent disease progression; detection of new active TB cases; and for monitoring of treatment response [..]

Artificial light is essential in information technologies such as optical telecommunications, data storage, security features, and information display. In this paper, researchers present a chiral lanthanide lumino-glass with extra-large circularly polarized light (luminescence) (CPL) for advanced photonic security device applications. A europium complex with the chiral (+)-3-(trifluoroacetyl) camphor ligand and the achiral glass promoter tris [..]

For some applications, such as microprojection and augmented and virtual reality (AR/VR), researchers continue to chase ever-smaller pixel sizes (nanopixels) and higher pixel densities. And these efforts eventually run up against some practical limitations, particularly on pixel brightness, imposed by the 2D-patterning approaches commonly used to create display pixels. Now, researchers have proposed a novel [..]

A new project pushes system-in-package designs past the terabit-per-second threshold through extremely sophisticated electronics, CMOS, and optical physics management. The three main system blocks—processor, memory, and interconnects (I/O)—are constantly being reevaluated and are currently the “choke point” in enhancing overall efficiency. Each component strives to improve so as not to receive unfair criticism. Interconnects must [..]

Researchers have developed a laser test for measuring the effectiveness of a facemask. The mask-testing setup is much simpler than those commonly seen in typical laser labs: it consists only of a laser, a lens, and a camera. Specifically, a laser is shone through a cylindrical lens to create an elliptical beam profile, which then [..]

Researchers have developed a brand-new strategy (optical metasurface) that will allow quantum sensors to get much smaller than they are right now. Currently used in sensing devices, quantum technology engineers and manipulates atoms at extremely low temperatures by carefully regulating laser beams. To handle this, the atoms must be kept in a vacuum-sealed container where [..]

Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) is humans’ third most impactful example of potentially lethal coronavirus infection within the last 20 years. Coronaviruses are positive-stranded RNA (+RNA) viruses that replicate their unusually large genomes in the host cell’s cytoplasm. This process is supported by an elaborate virus-induced network of transformed endoplasmic reticulum (ER) membranes [..]

In the past ten years, there has been a lot of research into on-chip spectrometers with customized spectral ranges and small sizes. When splitting various frequencies, there is a trade-off between resolution and size because the propagation length usually scales inversely with the frequency resolution. On-chip compressive spectrometers can be used with scattering media in [..]

Engineers have introduced a new technique for performing high-level neural network computations by substituting a photonic tensor core for existing digital processors such as GPUs. In the approach, light-speed energy replaces electricity, and optical processing data feeds at a two to three orders higher performance than an electrical tensor processing unit (TPU), supporting unsupervised learning [..]

Imaging chemical species using mid-infrared light is a key bioimaging and environmental monitoring technique. Still, the mid-IR detectors needed for the task have tended to be expensive, complex, and relatively inefficient. Current mid-IR cameras are based on low bandgap semiconductor materials that require cryogenic cooling to reduce thermally excited electronic noise, and electronically cooled alternatives [..]

The therapeutic management of dry age-related macular degeneration (dry AMD) is difficult. It is one of the main reasons for progressive blindness, depriving millions of people over 65 of their central vision, and it frequently makes it difficult for patients to read, drive, and recognize the faces of their loved ones. Although vitamin-based supplements might [..]

An advanced imaging technique called scanning transmission electron microscopy (STEM) has provided scientists with rough pictures of enamel crystallites. However, the intensity of traditional STEM beams required for a clearer view would damage the enamel before a picture could be generated. In new research, a team used advanced imaging techniques to produce a picture of [..]

Displaying three-dimensional pictures that are visible to the unaided eye is best done with 3D holograms. Metasurfaces made of subwavelength structures have a lot of potential for manipulating the light field, which is beneficial for beating the limitations of conventional computer-generated holography. However, issues like low frame rate and low frame number have long stood [..]

A group of researchers has advocated for the use of UV light as a ‘particularly efficient, easily deployable, and economically affordable’ means to limit the spread of coronavirus. The study, involved experts in the fields of virology, immunology, aerosols, architecture, and physics, analyses the possible methods to prevent Sars-Cov-2 propagation in indoor spaces. Small indoor [..]

Advanced nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy pulse sequence editing enables noninvasive assessment of the spatial distribution of chemical composition and diffusion behavior of materials. However, the spectral resolution and analytical approach for heterogeneous materials could still be improved. Here, scientists create tools for thoroughly analyzing substances and their dynamics in whole bodies and heterogeneous systems [..]

A new thermal scanner called a “Multi-Person Thermal Scanner” can precisely measure the skin temperatures of up to six individuals at once. The scanner’s main purpose will be to assist businesses and healthcare organizations in swiftly and effectively identifying people suffering from a fever, one of the main symptoms of Covid-19. A non-intrusive, cutting-edge thermal [..]

Biophysicists have created a high-throughput super-resolution microscope to examine mammalian cells’ nanoscale dynamics and structures. This microscope reveals the twists and turns of an organelle crucial to cell division in unparalleled detail. Centrioles are a thousand times smaller than a human strand and about one hundred times smaller than a mammalian cell. Since the techniques [..]

Engineers have created a novel 3D printing method that enables the printing of flexible materials with precise tuning. The group successfully printed materials using a droplet-based, multiphase microfluidic system with possible uses in soft robotics, tissue engineering, and wearable technology. Until the product is finished, printing material is repeatedly added to the structure using conventional [..]

The US Patent & Trademark Office published a patent application from Apple to strengthen further the structural housing glass and cover display of upcoming iPhones and other devices, such as a potential all-glass iMac.   Apple’s latest patent pertains to strengthening the structural housing glass and a cover glass of upcoming iPhones and other devices, including [..]

People who have lost their eyesight may be able to see thanks to the development of bionic eyes again. According to other studies, these bionic eyes may create streaky images and are too slow to capture quick movements, so they aren’t clear enough for them to depend on to navigate the world. But this novel [..]