The fatality rate for uveal melanoma, a rare and dangerous eye disease, has remained unchanged for the past 40 years. New treatments to preserve eyesight and avoid mortality are urgently needed because half of the melanomas spread to other body organs, resulting in death in less than a year. Researchers have discovered a small chemical [..]

Photonics integration is gaining pace in semiconductors, particularly in heterogeneous multi-die packages, as chipmakers look for innovative solutions to overcome power constraints and deal with growing data volumes. Since the end of Dennard scaling, which occurred at the 90nm node, power has become increasingly challenging. There are more transistors per mm2, and the wires are [..]

Researchers have devised a new computational de-scattering approach termed de-scattering with excitation patterning in temporal focusing microscopy (DEEP-TFM). They employed two-photon patterned excitation with wide-field temporal focusing, but the signal was detected using a wide-field imaging detector. They created a modified temporal focusing microscope that uses a digital micromirror device to transmit arbitrary excitation patterns [..]

Scientists have developed the first room-temperature, electrically driven, topological laser, which could be useful in telecom wavelength applications. The novel device comprises a 10 by 10 grid of 30-micron-wide rings. Small oblong rings around 5 microns wide connect these rings. All these rings consist of a sandwich of layers of semiconductors, such as indium gallium [..]

The prognosis and successful treatments differ depending on the type of lung cancer. While it previously took several days to precisely determine the underlying lung tumor mutation, a research team has been able to perform this determination in just one step reliably. They used a combination of quantum cascade laser-based infrared microscopy and machine learning. [..]

Infrared imaging applications are growing from food quality control and remote sensing to night vision devices and LiDAR. IR cameras convert infrared light to electrons and project the resultant image on display. However, such cameras are bulky, disrupt normal vision, and require low temperatures. Alternatively, a nonlinear optical process – nonlinear sum-frequency generation (SFG) – [..]

Cancer immunotherapy has brought a paradigm shift in cancer treatment. It uses the immune system’s strength to treat cancers. However, next-generation cancer immunotherapies have yet to reach their full potential. A limitation is the poor throughput of functional screens that can only evaluate a few thousand antibodies. Droplet microfluidic technology enables exceptional throughput in cell [..]

New imaging technology may lead to the early detection of neurological illnesses such as Alzheimer’s, allowing doctors to diagnose and treat patients more swiftly. The super-resolution imaging technique combines position emission tomography (PET) with an external motion-tracking device to provide detailed brain images. The patient’s undesired movements frequently hamper the quality of brain PET images [..]

All imaging systems consist of two main components: lenses and the spaces between them. The distances between lenses are just as critical to image formation as the lenses themselves. They can easily be greater than the summed thicknesses of the lenses. Now researchers have developed an optic called spaceplate to address this dominant contribution to [..]

High-performance mirrors are critical for constructing optical resonators in various applications in optics and photonics. Stable resonators narrow the linewidth of continuous-wave lasers, creating optical references for frequency comb stabilization and precision molecular spectroscopy. High-performance, low-loss mirrors at mid-infrared wavelengths can help researchers probe new phenomena with increased precision in chemical sensing, discrete imaging, ultracold [..]

A new human brain imaging technology employs laser light and ultrasonic sound waves. Improvements to photoacoustic computerized tomography (PACT) technology are part of the advancement. It is so precise and sensitive that the researchers could identify even minute variations in the amount of blood moving through tiny blood arteries and the oxygenation status of that [..]

The development of a blood-oxygen sensor (that clips onto your finger) eliminated the need for costly, risky, time-consuming invasive measurements that required drawing of blood and provided accurate results in real-time. Modern optoelectronics technologies have made “medicine” much more accessible, quicker, and safer. However, the blood-oxygen sensor can only measure oxygen saturation in the circulatory [..]

Researchers have developed a novel hardware design for recording neuronal activity across the three dimensions of a restrained zebrafish larva brain. This approach can help reconstruct the brain dynamics during sensory stimulation. The new design uses a traditional multiphoton microscope with an 8-kHz resonant scanner. It integrates a remote focusing system upstream based on an [..]

Scientists have begun to wonder if they are looking for the correct type of dark matter. Traditional particle physics experiments are looking for much heavier proportions. Now, researchers have repurposed existing tabletop sensor technology to look for the particles that might make up the dark matter. There is a possibility – dark photons may constitute [..]

High-performance mirrors are employed to construct optical resonators in various applications in optics and photonics. Developing low-loss mirrors like those readily available throughout the near-infrared spectral region is a long-standing goal for optics and photonics researchers. High reflectance coatings play a significant part in the fabrication of low-loss mirrors. The key performance metrics for any [..]

Magnetic resonance imaging, or MRI, has been one of the most transformative medical imaging tools in the last few decades. While powerful and insightful, MRI scans are a slow technology that can frequently cause patient discomfort. A typical scan lasting 40 to 60 minutes can be overwhelming for a patient who is already in pain. [..]

Touch sensors in mobile phones that detect finger input on the touch screen have not changed much since their first release in the mid-​2000s. Conversely, the screens of smartphones and tablets continuously offer improved visual quality: higher color fidelity, higher resolution, and crisper contrast. Researchers have now developed an artificial intelligence (AI) algorithm that gives [..]

Single-molecule localization microscopy is a super-resolution imaging technique that relies on blinking fluorescent emitters’ spatial and temporal separation. Individual localization is possible for these blinking events with a precision significantly smaller than the classical diffraction limit. This sub-diffraction localization precision depends on the number of photons emitted per molecule and sensor noise. We can estimate [..]

Using Organ Chips technology, researchers discovered that the antimalarial drug amodiaquine is a powerful inhibitor of infection with SARS-CoV-2, the virus that causes COVID-19. The drug testing ecosystem greatly simplifies evaluating the safety and efficacy of existing drugs for new medical applications. It serves as a proof-of-concept for the use of Organ Chips to rapidly [..]

The terahertz range holds potential for ultra-wideband wireless communications applications, including 6G and beyond, due to large and under-utilized spectral bandwidth. Terahertz communications will benefit from channelization as individual channel bandwidths will be reduced, simplifying baseband and intermediate-frequency (IF) circuits. Furthermore, passive multiplexers enable power combining of several independent sources at different frequencies, which is [..]