The primary component used in electrical engineering is silicon. Silicon is the foundation for all information and computing technologies essential to contemporary society, including computers, communications, astronautics, biomedicine, robotics, and many others. The slow speed of electrical signal propagation in metal interconnection wiring is the primary challenge to accelerating integrated circuit speeds. It necessitates switching [..]

The deterioration of photoreceptors is a significant factor in blindness. Patients with localized retinal degeneration may benefit from additional vision function if their blind human retina is made sensitive to near-infrared light. Researchers restored the light sensitivity of damaged photoreceptors using tunable, near-infrared devices. An antibody to temperature-sensitive ion channels was coupled with gold nanorods [..]

Researchers have created a molecular shield that strengthens the usefulness of near-infrared fluorescent dyes and stabilizes them. Because it can effectively penetrate human flesh, near-infrared light is frequently used in fluorescence bioimaging. However, the dyes must also be water soluble and carry functional groups for conjugating with targeting biomolecules, such as antibodies or tumor-binding peptides. [..]

More trustworthy deep learning medical imaging models will be needed as artificial intelligence (AI) is widely used for crucial tasks like diagnosing and treating diseases, necessitating predictions and outcomes about medical care that practitioners and patients can rely on. The objective of a new deep learning method put forth by a group of computer scientists [..]

Magnetic tape and hard disk drives hold much of the world’s archival data. Compared with other memory and storage technologies, optical data storage in tape and disk drives cost less and are more reliable. Archivists may soon have another option—using an extremely fast laser to write data into a 2-millimeter-thick piece of glass, roughly the [..]

Thanks to research, integrated switching units can now be constructed on a silicon photonics chip in a novel, programmable, and energy-efficient manner. By enabling a generic optical circuit to be manufactured in bulk and later programmed for specific applications like communications systems, LIDAR circuits, or computing applications, the new circuit technology is positioned to lower [..]

Scientists and engineers working in the fields of optical and photonics have been captivated by the rapidly developing, interdisciplinary field of metasurfaces. They view these advanced materials as a path to a new breed of ultra-compact flat optics, such as camera lenses. But most of the metasurfaces that have been demonstrated up to this point [..]

A new chip-based device that can shape and steer blue light could significantly reduce the size of the light projection components used in emerging applications such as VR display, autonomous vehicles, optogenetics, and even trapped-ion quantum computers. Researchers have made an optical phased array (OPA) with a wide field of view that contains no moving [..]

Scientists have created a novel optomechanical integrated device with a resolution of 45 femtometers in a fraction of a second. Importantly, the gadget does not require a tunable laser because of its ultrawide optical bandwidth of 80 nm. The indium phosphide (InP) membrane-on-silicon (IMOS) technology, perfect for including passive components like detectors or lasers, is [..]

Before the invention of lens-design software, complex optical systems were regularly created by manual calculation, resulting in extremely effective microscopes, telescopes, camera lenses, and other optics that served their purposes well. The effects of glass, manufacturing, and mechanical imperfections can now be taken into account with a high degree of precision by the lens designer, [..]

High-speed communication channels for supercomputers and data centers could significantly benefit from understanding the physics of lasers at the nanoscale and how they interact with semiconductors, but only if researchers can figure out how and why they work to replicate their findings. The experimental findings of the experts demonstrate that lasers can be made in [..]

By increasing their brightness by more than 150 times, silver nanocubes can make it simpler to read diagnostic tests that depend on fluorescence. The method could enable such tests to become much more affordable and commonplace when combined with an emerging point-of-care diagnostic platform that has already demonstrated its ability to identify minute amounts of [..]

Researchers have created a novel technique for producing color 3D images that operate across the full visible spectral range. Metasurfaces are 2D-engineered materials that are usually made of subwavelength elements. Adjusting the light’s polarization, phase, and amplitude offers excellent control over shaping the optical wavefront. Unlike conventional metasurface-based holography methods, the developed method does not [..]

A brand-new fluorescence microscopy method has been created by researchers to significantly improve the resolution that can be obtained when imaging intracellular structures. The method uses the distortions a specimen produces to identify specific molecules and deduce the location of intracellular structures. The method may be especially helpful in researching brain conditions like Alzheimer’s. Developing [..]

A three-dimensional item is created using the additive manufacturing process, which involves adding new layers of construction material over the top of the previously deposited ones. Commercially available 3D printers and 3D printing materials, such as transparent media with excellent optical quality and 3D printed optics, have recently developed rapidly. Numerous areas of science and [..]

The construction of lab on a chip platforms for experiments and drug development has been made possible by the tiny field of microfluidics, which has vastly expanded boundaries in chemistry and pharmaceuticals. The challenges of quickly and effectively mixing various fluids—in channels much thinner than a human hair—become formidable as scientists examine processes at ever-smaller [..]

The processing speed of microprocessors has been stagnant for the past 20 years. More recently, Moore’s law has started to break down as nanofabrication technology gets closer to its inevitable physical limit. In this post-Moore’s law age, significant efforts from numerous research areas have been made to create fast and power-efficient computing systems. Integrated photonics [..]

As a result of the coronavirus pandemic, biometrics companies are modifying and upgrading their biometric identity systems with facial recognition software and temperature sensors to offer new capabilities that comply with the regulations. They are introducing novel access control biometric identification systems. When individuals enter buildings, they are screened by thermal imaging cameras added to [..]

The ability to monitor the progression of retinal vascular diseases like diabetic retinopathy in small animal models is often complicated by their failure to develop the end-stage complications which characterize the human phenotypes in disease. Interestingly, as micro-vascular dysfunction typically precedes the onset of retinal vascular and even some neurodegenerative diseases, the ability to visualize [..]

A photonic device that emits light only in one way has been created. By meticulously modifying a set of etched silica bars’ shapes, they could make their device by changing a curious effect that had been predicted 90 years earlier. Numerous optoelectronic uses for the light source are possible. Light will gladly travel in both [..]