A recent study provided crucial insights into the mechanism mediating brain metastasis using state-of-the-art in-vitro microfluidic technology.  Options for therapy are limited when cancer spreads to the brain. Most drugs made to fight metastases either cannot penetrate the blood-brain barrier or are ineffective against brain metastases. According to the lead researcher, “understanding how cancer cells [..]

By observing atoms in space, a study team will develop technology and tools to enhance the measurement of significant climate factors. They will concentrate on quantum technology called quantum sensing, which could be used to gather more precise data and allow previously unheard-of scientific measurements. These sensors could aid spacecraft in orbit in gathering information [..]

For use in biomedical research, the Hyperpolarized MRI Technology Resource Center (HMTRC) creates and makes hyperpolarized (HP) 13C MR techniques, instrumentation, specialized data acquisition techniques, and analysis tools available. A new molecular imaging method called hyperpolarized 13C MRI offers unheard-of data on tissue metabolism. Advancement of precision molecular imaging and addressing unmet clinical requirements in [..]

Researchers have created new imaging technology that can generate 3D maps in real-time and across the full surface of the uterus during labor, revealing the magnitude and distribution of uterine contractions. This technology, which builds on imaging techniques long used to image the heart, can image uterine contractions noninvasively and in much more detail than [..]

A research team used a microresonator’s two optical and two mechanical modes to show nonreciprocal routing between modes with different frequencies through radiation pressure force. Systems for processing information and performing detection based on photons and phonons often include optical and acoustic nonreciprocal devices. Although magnetically induced nonreciprocity is frequently used in optical devices, device [..]

Researchers’ simulations of ice-cold electron beams may open the door to shrinking X-ray free-electron lasers (X-FELs) to a small portion of their present dimensions. X-FELs, also known as “engines of discovery,” transform the kinetic energy of an electron beam into strong photon bursts that extend down to hard X-ray wavelengths. For hot-dense matter research, resolving [..]

Researchers discovered that one application of half-dose photodynamic therapy (PDT) targeting the fovea helped treat patients with chronic central serous chorioretinopathy (CSC) structurally and functionally, and they did not experience foveal atrophy. To ascertain the impact of this therapeutic approach, the study team conducted a retrospective analysis of data from patients with chronic CSC who [..]

Although uses for low-light imaging are numerous, they are only available in the visible spectrum, where detector noise performance is optimal. Although the camera’s noise floor is about 200 times higher, researchers demonstrated a full-field, homodyne imaging device that can image at the single-photon level in the shortwave infrared. Gabor first proposed this interference method [..]

Scientists have created an ultrafast photoacoustic imaging system that detects molecular changes in major brain function disorders. While positron emission tomography (PET) and functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) produce adequate images, they suffer from low spatial resolution, which makes distinguishing between adjacent bodily structures difficult, and low temporal resolution, which is the time it takes [..]

Due to the ability to tailor, customize, and control optical properties such as low or high refractive index, reduced dispersion, and absorption coefficient, glasses can be used as various passive as well as active optical components, such as waveguides, windows, lenses, and so on, at THz frequencies. Knowledge of THz refractive indices and absorption coefficients [..]

Particles of twisted light entangled by quantum mechanics provide a novel approach to dense and secure data storage. Holograms that produce 3-D images and serve as security features on credit cards are typically created by laying down patterns with laser light beams. In recent years, physicists have discovered ways to make holograms out of entangled [..]

A team of researchers has developed a system that can direct light and other electromagnetic waves for signal processing without any unwanted signal reflections, building on a breakthrough “anti-laser.” This innovation could advance local area networks, photonics, and other applications. Light in a laser bounces back and forth between two mirrors, passing through an amplifying [..]

Plasmonic metasurfaces, made up of two-dimensional metallic meta-atom arrays, are advantageous because of their ultrathin thicknesses, ease of fabrication, versatile functionality, field confinement beyond the diffraction limit, and superior nonlinearity. Their efficiency, however, is limited due to Ohmic heat loss during resonance. Huygens meta-atoms can break the scattering symmetry and improve transmission efficiency, but transmission [..]

The wide full-width-half-maximum (FWHM) of the electroluminescence (EL) spectra of OLEDs exhibit flaws as an appropriate light source for fingerprint recognition based on skin reflectance. Although inorganic light-emitting diodes (LEDs) have an extremely narrow FWHM, it is difficult to fabricate self-emitting inorganic LED-based displays for mobile smartphones without color filters. A group of researchers improved [..]

 According to world-leading scientists, super-thin lithium niobate chips made from lithium niobate are set to overtake silicon chips in light-based technologies, with potential applications ranging from remote ripening-fruit detection on Earth to lunar navigation. They claim that artificial crystal is the best platform for these technologies because of its superior performance and recent advances in [..]

Thanks to advancements in expansion microscopy, unprecedented views of the interiors of cells and other nanoscale structures are now possible. The advances could aid future research in neuroscience, pathology, and other biological and medical fields. Magnify is a universal molecular anchoring strategy for expansion microscopy, according to the paper, which describes new Magnify protocols. Magnify [..]

Ground-state cooling, quantum squeezing, and remote entanglement of mechanical oscillators are just a few of the advances made possible by optomechanics. Pioneering theoretical studies have predicted that optomechanical lattices can access significantly richer physics and novel dynamics, such as quantum collective dynamics and topological phenomena. However, reproducing such devices experimentally under strict control and building [..]

Mushroom farmers are moving their outdoor operations into large greenhouses, shifting environmental factors away from external climates and toward internal microclimates. Environmental monitoring systems are installed in greenhouses to collect microclimate data. No sensor can directly measure mushroom growth to determine when adjustments are needed. Now scientists have come up with a GigE Camera solution. [..]

Photoacoustic microscopy (PAM) is a new imaging technique that employs laser light to induce ultrasonic vibrations in tissue. It can detect cancerous tissue, image-changing blood flow in the brain, and even identify individual cancer cells. Because of its narrow depth of field, PAM can only focus on a thin layer of tissue at a time. [..]

Strain sensors have demonstrated mechanically invisible monitoring of soft-bodied systems that are otherwise challenging for silicon-based rigid counterparts. Incorporating self-healing properties into these intrinsically stretchable sensors promises damage-resistant and damage-resilient sensing capabilities. Examples range from damage detection in spacesuits to alert suit air leakage by space debris during astronauts’ extravehicular activities. The self-healing function for [..]