As a replacement for intrusive glucose detection technology, the combination of mid-infrared and photoacoustic spectroscopy has shown significant advancements. A dual single-wavelength quantum cascade laser system has been developed using photoacoustic spectroscopy for noninvasive glucose monitoring. As test models for the setup, biomedical skin phantoms with characteristics similar to human skin have been created using blood components at various glucose concentrations. The system’s detection sensitivity has increased to 12.5 mg/dL or less in the hyperglycemia blood glucose ranges. An ensemble machine learning classifier has been created to forecast the glucose level in the presence of blood components.
Researchers have investigated several noninvasive glucose detection methods, including Raman spectroscopy and electrochemical sensors. Nevertheless, none of these techniques have satisfied the physiological requirements because of their poor precision or unstable functioning. Other less invasive methods have been created. However, they necessitate many surgical procedures to implant the sensors, which complicates the issue of skin irritation. The development of infrared (IR) spectroscopy, encompassing the MIR and NIR areas, is a possible substitute for invasive glucometers.
As a replacement for invasive glucose monitoring technology, the combination of MIR and photoacoustic (PA) spectroscopy has shown significant advancements in recent years. As an alternate method to make up for the optical losses in the transmission and absorbance spectroscopy, PA spectroscopy uses the vibration modes of the glucose molecules in the MIR region. Strong and stable PA signals can be produced using quantum cascade lasers (QCLs) in the MIR area.
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