Optical sensors are crucial for scientific and technological advancements, from detecting faint signals for medical diagnostics to gravitational waves. A longstanding challenge has been improving their sensitivity to detect weak signals amidst noise. Researchers have developed a novel method to enhance the sensitivity of conventional optical sensors using exceptional points (EPs). EPs are specific conditions [..]

Researchers have created the world’s first dual-beamline photoelectron momentum microscope, which has completely changed micrometer-scale investigations of electron behavior. This state-of-the-art experimental facility is essential to materials research and device engineering because conventional photoelectron spectroscopy offers a profound understanding of solid-state electrical structure. It now uses two undulator beamlines as excitation sources. The current vacuum [..]

Researchers have developed a new imaging probe that utilizes sound waves to generate 3D images of cells. This breakthrough innovation has the potential to revolutionize disease diagnosis in the future. The probe is exceptionally small, enabling it to be inserted into the body for minimally invasive procedures. This minimally invasive nature of the probe makes [..]

Researchers have taken a cue from nature’s most dazzling creatures to develop a new material that can change color quickly. Inspired by the rapid color shifts in creatures like squid and cuttlefish, these color-changing materials use tiny, light-manipulating structures to achieve a full spectrum of brilliant colors. The Challenge Existing color-changing materials often rely on [..]

Adaptive optics optical coherence tomography (AO-OCT) has enabled in vivo cellular imaging of the human retina. This technology has excellent resolution but suffers from noise, making it difficult to see individual cells. However, because imaging noise (e.g., speckle) makes it difficult to see RPE cells from a single volume acquisition, many 3D volumes are typically [..]

Researchers have developed a new type of UV-emitting glass that could significantly hinder biofilm formation. Biofilms are colonies of microorganisms that can accumulate on submerged surfaces and cause problems in numerous fields. The trick behind this innovation lies in incorporating nanoparticles into the glass structure. These nanoparticles can scatter UV light throughout the entire material. [..]

Researchers have developed a groundbreaking method to capture 3D snapshots of laser-wakefield accelerated electron bunches.  This advancement is crucial because understanding the complex 3D structure of these bunches is essential for developing advanced applications like compact particle accelerators and brighter X-ray sources. The new technique expertly combines optical transition radiation (OTR) imaging, electro-optic (EO) spatial [..]

Scientists have devised a novel technique that employs liquid crystals (LCs) to manipulate light’s polarization, an essential characteristic for encryption, data storage, and augmented reality. The conventional method of vectorial holography, which includes adjusting light polarization and intensity, frequently uses metasurfaces or structures designed to regulate light waves. Though these metasurfaces are static, they don’t [..]

A new study investigates the possibilities of a unique pancake optics system for next-generation VR and MR displays. Augmented reality (AR), virtual reality (VR), and mixed reality (MR) have broadened our perceptual frontiers, allowing for more complex human-digital interactions than typical flat-panel displays. This has resulted in applications for smart education, healthcare, navigation, gaming, entertainment, [..]

Fingerprint scanners have become ubiquitous tools for personal identification. But how exactly do these devices translate your fingertip’s unique ridges and valleys into a recognizable signal? This article delves into the fascinating world of fingerprint scanner technology, exploring the interplay of light, electricity, and even sound waves to achieve secure user authentication. Fingerprint scanners employ [..]

New bioluminescent imaging technology has produced comprehensive images of oxygen movement in mice’s brains, allowing researchers to investigate forms of hypoxia in the brain, such as oxygen deprivation during stroke or heart attack. The approach uses luminous proteins, chemical cousins of bioluminescent proteins found in fireflies. These proteins are produced by a virus in the [..]

Scientists created an ultra-thin dynamic amplifier for electromagnetic radiation using a parametric metasurface. A parametric metasurface is a thin composite material with a small-scale surface structure that changes periodically over time. The design provides extensive control over freely propagating input radiation, including amplifying up to 10 dB. Amplification is essential for long-distance transmission via air [..]

Researchers have made a significant breakthrough in generating high-quality microwave signals using a tiny photonic chip. This new device can produce low-noise signals using a single laser, overcoming a major hurdle in previous methods requiring multiple lasers and bulky setups. The photonic chip is miniscule, paving the way for its integration into future communication devices. [..]

Researchers developed a new technique for laser cooling ytterbium-doped silica by 67 K from ambient temperature. This technique has the potential for solid-state optical refrigeration. The researchers achieved a net cooling of 67 K by pumping a 5 cm long, 1 mm diameter ytterbium-doped silica rod with a 100 W ytterbium fiber amplifier. The experiment [..]

Spatial omics is a field that allows scientists to study biological samples at a single-cell level. These techniques, which combine genomics, transcriptomics, and proteomics information, enable researchers to see how genes, RNA, and proteins are arranged within a tissue. This field is still new but can potentially revolutionize our understanding of biology and disease. Since [..]

Metal halide perovskites are gaining popularity due to their superior optoelectronic features, which include a high photoluminescence quantum yield (QY), absorption coefficient, tunable band gaps, long carrier diffusion lengths, and defect tolerance. Direct laser writing (DLW) is an efficient, contactless, mask-free, and depth-resolved micro-patterning technology that involves linking a laser beam to a high-resolution microscope. [..]

Crafting exceptionally thin silver films presents a significant challenge for flexible optoelectronic devices. Conventional techniques often yield films that are both discontinuous and suffer from poor conductivity. This roadblock hinders the development of next-generation flexible displays and other optoelectronic applications. Researchers have recently proposed a groundbreaking approach to generating ultrathin silver films with exceptional continuity [..]

Ultraviolet spectroscopy is critical for researching electronic transitions in atoms and rovibronic transitions in molecules, which are required for testing fundamental physics, quantum-electrodynamics theory, and precision measurements. Researchers have successfully implemented high-resolution linear-absorption dual-comb spectroscopy in the ultraviolet spectral range, enabling new experiments under low-light conditions and paving the way for novel applications in various [..]

Early cancer diagnosis is critical for improving treatment outcomes and lowering mortality rates. However, prompt diagnosis is common for people who need access to healthcare, such as those with limited income or living in remote areas. Diffuse reflectance spectroscopy (DRS) is a promising method for early cancer diagnosis since it may be conducted rapidly and [..]

Researchers have made a significant breakthrough in manipulating light signals using liquid crystals. This new technique integrates femtosecond laser writing with liquid crystals embedded in waveguides. This enables electro-optical control of light polarization, paving the way for novel photonic devices. Previously, femtosecond lasers were used for writing waveguides, but they could not modulate the light [..]